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Gravity Flow Piping Design
Whenever liquid flows by gravity out of a vessel or down a pipe there is a potential problem of entrainment of gas by the liquid. Entrained gas not only raises the pressure drop but also reduces the static head available to drive the flow and overcome the created pressure drop. These effects can reduce the flowrate drastically below the design value.
Electrical Clearances: Best Practices
When sizing a room, or an area that will house electrical equipment, there are many variables to consider. It is clearly stated in the Ontario Electrical Code book that “electrical equipment shall be installed and guarded so that adequate provision is made for the safety of persons and property and for the protection of the electrical equipment from mechanical or other damage to which it is likely to be exposed” (OESC 2-200). This can be done with a dedicated electrical room/space, signage, physical barriers, and training. When working with other disciplines, the electrical team must communicate the physical size, and space needed to follow all of the rules stated in the OESC, of the chosen electrical equipment.
Pre-Start Health and Safety Reviews (PSR): An Overview
The purpose of this knowledge file is to provide a basic overview of what a pre-start health and safety review (PSR or PSHSR) is in order to facilitate the planning and coordination of PSR projects.
Trunnion Strength Evaluation
The purpose of this file is to share information on trunnion supports. Sometimes in piping design, a trunnion is needed. When designing a trunnion, there are many factors to consider and best practices to follow.














